文章摘要：1)對立法——先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，適用于有爭議性的主題。[1] When asked about。, the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that。But I think/view a bit differently。[2] When it comes to。, some people believe that。

1)對立法——先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，適用于有爭議性的主題。

[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that .... But I think/view a bit differently.

[2] When it comes to ...., some people believe that.... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.

[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

2)現(xiàn)象法——引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問題，然后評論。

[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.

[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.

[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

3)觀點(diǎn)法——開門見山，直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩σ懻摰膯栴}的看法。

[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....

[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....

[4] perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....

4)引用法——先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，來引出文章要展開論述的觀點(diǎn)!

[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.

[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.

[3] "...." We often hear statements/words like those/this.

[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "....".

5)比較法——通過對過去、現(xiàn)在兩種不同的傾向、觀點(diǎn)的比較，引出文章要討論的觀點(diǎn)。

[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....

[2] people used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.

6)故事法——先講一個較短的故事來引發(fā)讀者的興趣，引出文章的主題。少用!

[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern. [2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.

[3] Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.

7)問題法——先用討論或解答的設(shè)問，引出自己觀點(diǎn)，適用于有爭議性的話題。

Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly, some ..., others ...